On the Poisson brackets of hybrid plasma models with kinetic ions and massless electrons

Yingzhe Li, Philip J. Morrison, Stefan Possanner, Eric Sonnendrücker

2026 · Physics of Plasmas · vol. 33 · no. 7 · AIP Publishing · 10.1063/5.0332100

Abstract

We investigate the conditions under which the Jacobi identity holds for a class of recently introduced anti-symmetric brackets in hybrid plasma models with kinetic ions and massless electrons. In particular, we establish the precise conditions under which the brackets for the vector-potential-based formulations satisfy the Jacobi identity, and demonstrate that these conditions are fulfilled by all physically relevant functionals. Moreover, for the magnetic-field-based formulation, we show that the corresponding anti-symmetric bracket constitutes a Poisson bracket under Gauss's law for magnetism, and we provide a direct proof of the Jacobi identity. These results are further extended to models incorporating electron entropy as well as more general hybrid kinetic-fluid models.

BibTeX

@article{Li_2026,
 title={On the Poisson brackets of hybrid plasma models with kinetic ions and massless electrons},
 volume={33},
 ISSN={1089-7674},
 url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0332100},
 DOI={10.1063/5.0332100},
 number={7},
 journal={Physics of Plasmas},
 publisher={AIP Publishing},
 author={Li, Yingzhe and Morrison, Philip J. and Possanner, Stefan and Sonnendrücker, Eric},
 year={2026},
 month=July }